Weekly First-aid Topic: Keep safety first and stay calm in trauma first aid
From:Beijing Municipal Health Commission
Date:09/01/2023

On the afternoon of August 13, the emergency team of Beijing 120 Western Emergency Center Station received a dispatching instruction. A patient cut his thigh accidentally while using an electric saw and urgent treatment was in need. The crew went to the scene immediately after receiving the instruction. On the way, the emergency doctor made a call to the scene to inquire about the patient's injury and gave corresponding trauma guidance.

After arrival, the emergency doctor performed a physical examination for the patient and found that the skin on the outer side of his left thigh was sawed. The wound was about 20cm long and 5cm wide, reaching the tendon deep. It was suspected that the quadriceps muscle was ruptured incompletely. The nurse immediately prepared the necessary trauma dressing items, and the medical staff cooperated to stop the bleeding, bandage the wound, and fix it with an aluminum splint. The crew then contacted the nearest hospital capable of treating the patient, established a green channel for the patient, and sent him to the hospital urgently. On the way to the hospital, the emergency doctors continued to comfort the patient and provide trauma medical guidance. Currently, the patient has received further treatment in relevant hospitals.

   Here are some tips from 120. In case of trauma, you should stay calm as much as possible. You could call 120, the emergency number, in time and perform simple first aid on site after ensuring the safety of the environment. If the environment is dangerous, it might induce secondary injuries, and the injured should be taken away from the scene immediately. If there is obvious dirt around the wound, iodophor cotton balls or cotton swabs could be used to smear the skin around the wound to disinfect and prevent infection. If the wound continues to bleed, the bleeding should be stopped immediately by direct compression as the first choice. You could cover the bleeding area with clean towels, gauze or other items that can be found on site as first-aid dressings. It is recommended to use the heel of one hand or both hands or the four fingers together to apply direct pressure to stop bleeding. If there is jet bleeding of the extremity wound, and there is still uncontrollable active bleeding after hemostasis by compression, a tourniquet should be used for hemostasis, and the binding should be at 5-8cm near the wound to the heart side. It is necessary to avoid joints and skin damage. At the same time, the time when the tourniquet was used should be recorded for subsequent treatment.