Tetanus bacillus is an anaerobic bacterium, which is easy to grow and reproduce in anaerobic environment or deep wounds accompanied by aerobic infection. Therefore, tetanus bacillus is more common in soil and rust. But tetanus bacillus does not only exist in rust or soil. According to clinical research, when patients get deep contaminated wounds, especially soil-contaminated wounds, or rust-like iron-contaminated wounds, it is necessary to take a tetanus vaccine injection. The vaccine should be injected as soon as possible within 24 hours, but there is still injection value after 24 hours. Although tetanus can be onset within 24 hours, the incubation period can be one week or longer. If you seek medical treatment more than 24 hours after getting wounded, you could use tetanus antitoxin or tetanus immune globulin. In the early onset of tetanus infection, there are prodromal symptoms such as fever, headache, malaise, muscle aches, salivation, sweating and agitation. The typical signs are a wry smile caused by masticatory muscle spasm, closed teeth, and opisthotonos caused by persistent back muscle spasms. Because of autonomic nervous system dysfunction, it may also lead to arrhythmia, blood pressure fluctuations and dehydration caused by excessive sweating. In the treatment of small wounds of adults, 3% hydrogen peroxide can be used to clean the wound or disinfect with iodophor, and it is not necessary to bind up the wound. The living condition of tetanus is an anaerobic microenvironment. After the wound or wound surface is properly treated, an aerobic and sterile environment has been formed. Therefore, not binding up the wound is also a way to prevent tetanus. If the child is injured on the skin and the hydrogen peroxide is too irritating, you can wash the wound with clean water, then disinfect it with iodophor, and use a band-aid to temporarily cover the wound to stop bleeding. If the wound cannot be cleaned after a few minutes, or if the bleeding does not stop and there are signs of infection (congestion, swelling, suppuration), you should go to hospital in time. If the wound is too deep and the bleeding does not stop, please seek medical treatment immediately or call 120 for help.
