Weekly First-aid Topic: First-aid measures for accidentally severed finger (toe)
From:Beijing Municipal Health Commission
Date:07/31/2020

  Recently, the proportion of trauma first-aid tasks of the Beijing Emergency  Center has remained high. Accidents involving broken fingers and toes have been  reported frequently. If there is a broken finger, you should immediately pinch  both sides of the root of the broken finger to prevent excessive bleeding, and  then wrap the wound of the finger with a relatively clean cloth or medical  bandage. Do not tighten the roots of the fingers with ropes or thin cloth strips  to avoid ischemic necrosis. If the surface of the severed finger is dirty, it  can be washed with relatively clean water. You should watch out for damaging the  local tissue structure due to excessive water flow. The preservation method of  severed limbs is dry and cold storage. When the limb is severed, it is suggested  to wrap it with clean gauze or sterile dressing and put it in a sealed plastic  bag, and then put bag in a particularly low temperature environment such as ice  or water container for preservation and transportation. The reason for using low  temperature environment is that the low temperature lengthens the time of limb  metabolism, cell metabolism, and the tissue hypoxia, then the necrosis time will  be prolonged as well. The preservation time of the limbs is particularly  conducive to the operation. Therefore, the limbs must be refrigerated. On the  other hand, the environment must be dry. The limbs should not be placed in  saline or normal saline. It is because the cell tissue is in saline will be  edema and destroyed, so it must not be placed in saline, tap water or  disinfectant. The special disinfectant is corrosive to the severed limbs, which  will destroy the tissue structure and affect the replantation operation.  Therefore, dry and cold storage methods must be adopted for the preservation of  severed limbs. When such accident happened, the injured person and severed  finger or toe should be sent to a medical institution capable of replantation as  soon as possible.