Spring is the peak season for respiratory infectious diseases.

Respiratory infectious disease is such a disease that are spread, infected and caused in the respiratory tract by the pathogens, which comprise the virus, the bacillus, and the mycoplasma, etc. The respiratory mucosa and the lung are mostly infected the first. According to the different infectious parts of the pathogens, the diseases can be manifested as the rhinitis, the pharyngitis, the laryngitis, the tracheitis, the bronchitis, and the pneumonia, etc.

Common respiratory infectious diseases include tuberculosis, epidemic influenza, measles, epidemic encephalitis, rubella. varicella, exanthem subitum, scarlatina, diphtheria, pertussis, epidemic parotitis, and mycoplasma pneumonia, etc.
　 
Respiratory infectious diseases such as the diphtheria and scarlatina, etc. are spread by the air, the foam, and the dusts and it can be infected by the direct contact. The patients and the pathogen carriers are the main sources of infection. The secretions of the respiratory tract with the bacillus or virus can be spread into the air when the patients or the pathogen carriers breathe, cough or sneeze. After the susceptible are infected by breath or contact, they will have the diseases after a period time of the delitescence. No matter the acute respiratory tract infection is caused by virus or bacilli, the prevention is the most important.
　 
With the changeable weather, spring is the peak season for respiratory infectious diseases, which should be specially watched out. Audiences should pay attention to the cold protection and warm retention rather than taking off the winter clothes so early. Since it is dry in winter and spring, the increasing brittleness of the respiratory mucosa makes it more frangible. And the dry air and obviously increasing floaters in the air make the pathogens easier to enter the respiratory mucosa, so people should drink more water in spring to keep the nasal mucosa wet to effectively resist the invasion of the virus. In addition, the stimulation to the respiratory tract should be reduced, such as no smoking, no drinking, no spicy food, etc. The protection to the function of the natural immunity and the strengthening of the resistant ability for eliminating outside germs to invade the respiratory tract can be achieved by the reduction of the stimulation to the respiratory mucosa 
　 
In addition, it is necessary to keep the air in room circulated and do more exercises to strengthen the immunity. Good sanitation habit should be kept and do not spit anywhere. Once the symptoms of the respiratory diseases such as fever, headache, or cough appear, patients should go to the doctor as soon as possible. People with weak constitution such as the old, children, or pregnant women should avoid public and try to avoid places with many patients as little as possible such as the hospital and put on respirators when go to the hospital. Children should have vaccination in time such as the injection of the MMR vaccine, diphtheria and pertussis vaccine, and the epidemic cerebrospinal meningitis vaccine, etc.

It is necessary to wash hands more for prevention of the respiratory infectious diseases. The researches proved that a large amount of pathogens remain in the nasal mucus, the sputum, and the airway secretion of patients with the respiratory infectious disease, which can be infected to the healthy people by the hand contact of the secretion. Consequently, the sanitation of hands should be paid special attention and washing hands is an important measure to prevent from the respiratory infectious disease.